Life of Prophet Muhammad PBUH (THE HASHIM OF QURAISH TRIBE)

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِیْمِ

In the name of Allah the most beneficent, the most merciful.

Dear Brothers & Sisters, 

"السلام عليكم ورحمتہ اللہ وبرکاتہ"Assalamu Alaikum 

(May the blessings of Almighty and peace be upon you) 

The Beginning (Urdu) (The Hashim of Quraish Tribe)

ھَاشِم حَضرَت رَسولِ خُدا صلّی اللہ عَلیہِ وسلّم کے پَردَادَا تھے۔ یہ اَپنی قوم میں سب سے زِیادہ بُزرگ، نیک اور عَقَلمَند سَمجھ جاتے تھے۔ اُن کی شَرافت اور سَخاوَت بہت مَشہور تِھی۔ اُنہوں نے مَکّے کو بہت تَرقی دی۔ دوسرے مُلکوں سے تِجارَتی مُعاہدے کِئے اور مَکّے کی شہرَت کو چَار چاند لَگادِیئے۔ ہَاشِم نے ایک قَانون بَنایَا کہ مَکّے سے ھَر سَال دو بَڑے تِجارَتی قَافلے جَایا کَریں۔ ایک قَافلَہ سَردِیوں کے موسَم میں جائے جو یَمَن کا رُخ کرے اور دوسرا قَافلہ گَرمِیوں کے موسَم میں رَوانہ ہو جو شَام (مُلکِ شَام) کو جَایا کرے۔ اِس سے مَکّے کی تِجارَت کو زَبَردَست فائدَہ ہُوا اور سب لُوگ خوشحَال ہوگَئے۔

ھَاشم نے اَپنی شَادی یَثرَب کی ایک لَڑکی سَلمیٰ بِنت عَمَرو سے کی۔ سَلمیٰ یَثرَب کے قَبیلَہ بَنی نجار کی لَڑکی تِھی اور اَپنی دَولَت اور سَمَجھداری کی وَجہ سے بَہت مَشہُور تِھی۔ ہَاشم کو یہ لَڑکی پَسَند آئی اور وہ اُس سے شَادِی کرکے اُسے مَکّے لے آئے۔ کُچھ عَرصہ کے بَعد سَلمیٰ اُمید سے ہوگَئی۔ جَب پَیدائِش کے دِن قَریب آگئے تو ھَاشم نے اَپنی بِیوِی کو اُن کے مَیکے (یَثرَب) پُہنچَا دِیا۔ اُس کے بَعد ھَاشِم خود تِجارَت کیلئے شَام چَلے گئے مَگر وَہیں ایک جَگہ غزّہ میں اُن کا اِنتِقَال ہوگیا۔ اِدَھر سَلمیٰ کے یَہاں بَچّہ پَیدا ہُوا جِس کا نَام اُس نے شَیبَہ رَکھا۔ ھَاشِم کے اِنتقال کے بعد سَلمیٰ وَاپَس مَکّے نَہیں گئی بَلکہ اَپنے بَچّے کے سَاتھ یَثرَب (مَدِینے) ہِی میں رَہنے لَگی۔

ھَاشِم کے اِنتِقال کے بَعد مَکّے میں ’’مَنصَبِ سقایہ‘‘ اور ’’منصَبِ رِفادہ‘‘ مُطّلب کو مِل گئے۔ یہ ھَاشِم کے چھوٹے بَھائی تھے۔ ھَاشِم کے اِنتِقال کو چھ سَات سَال گُزرگئے مطّلب کو اِس عَرصے میں اپنے بَھتیجے شَیبہ کا خَیال ہی نَہیں آیا مَگر ایک دِن اَچانَک اِنہیں بَھتیجے کی یَاد آئی اور وہ اُس کو دیکھنے کےلئے بےچین ہوگئے۔ وہ فوراً مَدینہ کو روانہ ہوگئے اور سِیدھے سَلمیٰ کے پَاس پَہنچے۔ مطّلب نے سَلمی سے اَپنے بَھتیجے کو ساتھ لے جانے کی اِجازَت مَانگی۔ سَلمیٰ کا یہ اَکلوتا اور چَہیتا بچّہ تَھا۔ اِس لیے اُس نے بھیجنے سے اِنکار کردِیا۔ لَیکِن مطّلب بَرابَر اِصرَار کرتے رَہے یَہاں تَک کہ سَلمیٰ تیار ہوگئی۔ مطّلب اُسی وَقت شیبہ کو اپنے ساتھ اُونٹ پر بِٹھا کر مکّے کو رَوَانہ ہوگئے۔ جَب مطّلب مکّے میں داخِل ہوئے تو لوگوں نے دیکَھا کہ ایک لَڑکا مطّلب کے سَاتھ اُونٹ پَر بیٹھا ہُوا ہے۔ مکّے والوں نے شَیبہ کو کَبھی دیکھا نَہیں تَھا اِس لیے وہ سَمجھے کہ مطّلب اَپنے لیے کوئی غُلام خَرید کَر لائے ہیں یہ سَمجھ کر لوگوں نے ایک دَم پُکارنَا شُروع کَردِیا۔

عَبدُالمطّلِب۔۔۔ مطّلب کا غُلام!

عَبدُالمُطّلِب۔۔۔ مطّلب کا غُلام!

مطّلب نے فَوراً لوگوں کو بَتایا کہ یہ میرا غُلام نَہیں بَلکہ میرا بَھتِیجا شَیبَہ ہے میں اِسے مَدینہ سے لےکر آیَا ہوں۔ اِس طرح لوگوں کو شَیبہ کی اَصلیّت تو مَعلُوم ہوگئی مَگر اُن کا یہ نَام کُچھ ایسا چَلا کہ شَیبہ اُسی نَام سے مَشہُور ہوگئے یَہاں تَک کہ لوگ اُن کا اَصل نَام بِالکُل ہی بُھول گئے۔ (تاریخ طبری وابن ہشام)

(مضمون نمبر ٣ ختم ہوا)

The Beginning (The Hashim of Quraish Tribe)

Hashim was the great great grandfather of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ PBUH. Hashim was a man of high moral values and was very generous towards his people. Under his leadership, he started sending trade caravans to places like Yemen and Syria during winter and summer respectively. This decision of sending the caravans to boost the trade eventually brought more prosperity to Makkah. This strategy made Hashim more famous and he was respected and held high amongst the people of Makkah.  Hashim married to Salma of Bani Najaz tribe of Medina. This Najaz tribe had its lineage linked to Hazrat Ismail (A.S) as was the lineage of Hashim linked to Hazrat Ismail (A.S). Hashim’s wife was a very intelligent woman, belonging to a tribe which held high moral values and richness, she possessed all the qualities of a great visionary by herself with high moral values. During the period when Salma conceived, Hashim lead one of the trade caravans to Syria and left her pregnant wife at Medina for maternal care. On his way back to Makkah, he fell ill and succumbed at a place called Gazza. Upon hearing the news of the demise of her husband Salma stayed back in Medina with her son who she named as “Sheba”. 

After the demise of Hashim, his younger brother Mutallib took over the charge of the leadership in Makkah, seven years past by and Mutallib was busy in handling the affairs of Makkah, he always thought of his nephew (son of Hashim) and always wanted to bring him back to Makkah so as to teach him the values of his tribe, who would in turn pass it on to the generations. Lineage was regarded very high those times and it is predominant that the lineage of a child is accounted from the father side and not from the mother side. In order to save the lineage and also to save himself from mockery of the public that he left his nephew astray after the death of his father, Mutallib decided upon to bring back his nephew from his sister in law who was living in Medina. Mutallib journeyed Medina to bring back his nephew, upon his arrival at Medina, he met Salma and requested her to give away his nephew so that he can take him back to Makkah, he would teach him the moral values of his tribe and also the lineage would be protected, he also promised Salma that he would take care of his nephew with due care.  

As Sheba was the only son of Salma, she didn’t want him to go to Makkah with his paternal uncle, but after due persistence from Mutallib, Salma asked her son Sheba if he wanted to stay back with her or wanted to go with his paternal uncle. Sheba knowing well that he was living a comfortable life in Medina with his mother decided to go with his paternal uncle to Makkah so that he could learn the values and traditions of the Hashim  and also look after the people of Makkah some day. As Sheba was the son of a great visionary 'Hashim' it is evident that 'Sheba' imbibed in him those qualities as such. Accordingly, Sheba came down to Makah along with his uncle. When the people of Makkah saw a handsome young boy with Mutallib, they started calling the young boy as Abd ul Mutallib, (meaning slave of Mutallib), to which Mutallib very rightly said that he is my nephew and not a slave. In those days it was customary to have slaves to do their daily chores, and the leaders of every tribe would feel proud saying they have many slaves under them to serve them. Hence, the people when they saw Sheba with Mutallib decided that he must have brought a slave, when it was cleared to the people of Makkah that Sheba is a nephew and not a slave they accepted the fact and also respected Sheba as he was the son of Hashim. Though the name of Sheba was regarded by the people of Makkah, they eventually started calling Sheba as Abd ul Mutallib, his real name Sheba was forgotten and he was known as Abd ul Mutallib therafter throughout his life .